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• Visual Studio Xml Tools
• Visual Studio For Mac Free
• Visual Studio For Mac Turn Off Xml Comments
• Amc Turn Tv Series
• Comment In Visual Studio Code
• Visual Studio For Mac Review
• Word For Mac Turn Off Paragraph Symbols

By Shayne Boyer and Scott Addie

Developer Community for Visual Studio Product family. Get help from our community supported forum. You can either disable xml documentation generation in Project Options - Build - Compiler by unchecking the Generate xml documentation or you can disable the CS1591 warning by adding 1591 to the Ignore warnings text box on the same Project Options page. XML documentation comments must precede member or type declarations. Or in older VS versions: XML comment block cannot be associated with any language element that supports the application of XML documentation comments.

View or download sample code (how to download)

There are three main components to Swashbuckle:

• Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.Swagger: a Swagger object model and middleware to expose SwaggerDocument objects as JSON endpoints.

• Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.SwaggerGen: a Swagger generator that builds SwaggerDocument objects directly from your routes, controllers, and models. It's typically combined with the Swagger endpoint middleware to automatically expose Swagger JSON.

• Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.SwaggerUI: an embedded version of the Swagger UI tool. It interprets Swagger JSON to build a rich, customizable experience for describing the web API functionality. It includes built-in test harnesses for the public methods.

Package installation

Swashbuckle can be added with the following approaches:

• From the Package Manager Console window:

  • Go to View > Other Windows > Package Manager Console

  • Navigate to the directory in which the TodoApi.csproj file exists

  • Execute the following command:

• From the Manage NuGet Packages dialog:

  • Right-click the project in Solution Explorer > Manage NuGet Packages
  • Set the Package source to 'nuget.org'
  • Ensure the 'Include prerelease' option is enabled
  • Enter 'Swashbuckle.AspNetCore' in the search box
  • Select the latest 'Swashbuckle.AspNetCore' package from the Browse tab and click Install

• Right-click the Packages folder in Solution Pad > Add Packages...
• Set the Add Packages window's Source drop-down to 'nuget.org'
• Ensure the 'Show pre-release packages' option is enabled
• Enter 'Swashbuckle.AspNetCore' in the search box
• Select the latest 'Swashbuckle.AspNetCore' package from the results pane and click Add Package

Run the following command from the Integrated Terminal:

Run the following command:

Add and configure Swagger middleware

In the Startup class, import the following namespace to use the OpenApiInfo class:

Add the Swagger generator to the services collection in the Startup.ConfigureServices method:

In the Startup.Configure method, enable the middleware for serving the generated JSON document and the Swagger UI:

The preceding UseSwaggerUI method call enables the Static File Middleware. If targeting .NET Framework or .NET Core 1.x, add the Microsoft.AspNetCore.StaticFiles NuGet package to the project.

Launch the app, and navigate to http://localhost:<port>/swagger/v1/swagger.json. The generated document describing the endpoints appears as shown in Swagger specification (swagger.json).

The Swagger UI can be found at http://localhost:<port>/swagger. Explore the API via Swagger UI and incorporate it in other programs.

Tip

To serve the Swagger UI at the app's root (http://localhost:<port>/), set the RoutePrefix property to an empty string:

If using directories with IIS or a reverse proxy, set the Swagger endpoint to a relative path using the ./ prefix. For example, ./swagger/v1/swagger.json. Using /swagger/v1/swagger.json instructs the app to look for the JSON file at the true root of the URL (plus the route prefix, if used). For example, use http://localhost:<port>/<route_prefix>/swagger/v1/swagger.json instead of http://localhost:<port>/<virtual_directory>/<route_prefix>/swagger/v1/swagger.json.

Customize and extend

Swagger provides options for documenting the object model and customizing the UI to match your theme.

In the Startup class, add the following namespaces:

API info and description

The configuration action passed to the AddSwaggerGen method adds information such as the author, license, and description:

The Swagger UI displays the version's information:

XML comments

XML comments can be enabled with the following approaches:

• Right-click the project in Solution Explorer and select Edit <project_name>.csproj.
• Manually add the highlighted lines to the .csproj file:

• Right-click the project in Solution Explorer and select Properties.
• Check the XML documentation file box under the Output section of the Build tab.

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• From the Solution Pad, press control and click the project name. Navigate to Tools > Edit File.
• Manually add the highlighted lines to the .csproj file:

• Open the Project Options dialog > Build > Compiler
• Check the Generate xml documentation box under the General Options section

Manually add the highlighted lines to the .csproj file:

Manually add the highlighted lines to the .csproj file:

Enabling XML comments provides debug information for undocumented public types and members. Undocumented types and members are indicated by the warning message. For example, the following message indicates a violation of warning code 1591:

To suppress warnings project-wide, define a semicolon-delimited list of warning codes to ignore in the project file. Appending the warning codes to $(NoWarn); applies the C# default values too.

To suppress warnings only for specific members, enclose the code in #pragma warning preprocessor directives. This approach is useful for code that shouldn't be exposed via the API docs. In the following example, warning code CS1591 is ignored for the entire Program class. Enforcement of the warning code is restored at the close of the class definition. Specify multiple warning codes with a comma-delimited list.

Configure Swagger to use the XML file that's generated with the preceding instructions. For Linux or non-Windows operating systems, file names and paths can be case-sensitive. For example, a TodoApi.XML file is valid on Windows but not CentOS.

In the preceding code, Reflection is used to build an XML file name matching that of the web API project. The AppContext.BaseDirectory property is used to construct a path to the XML file. Some Swagger features (for example, schemata of input parameters or HTTP methods and response codes from the respective attributes) work without the use of an XML documentation file. For most features, namely method summaries and the descriptions of parameters and response codes, the use of an XML file is mandatory.

Adding triple-slash comments to an action enhances the Swagger UI by adding the description to the section header. Add a <summary> element above the Delete action:

The Swagger UI displays the inner text of the preceding code's <summary> element:

The UI is driven by the generated JSON schema:

Add a <remarks> element to the Create action method documentation. It supplements information specified in the <summary> element and provides a more robust Swagger UI. The <remarks> element content can consist of text, JSON, or XML.

Notice the UI enhancements with these additional comments:

Data annotations

Decorate the model with attributes, found in the System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations namespace, to help drive the Swagger UI components.

Add the [Required] attribute to the Name property of the TodoItem class:

The presence of this attribute changes the UI behavior and alters the underlying JSON schema:

Add the [Produces('application/json')] attribute to the API controller. Its purpose is to declare that the controller's actions support a response content type of application/json:

The Response Content Type drop-down selects this content type as the default for the controller's GET actions:

As the usage of data annotations in the web API increases, the UI and API help pages become more descriptive and useful.

Describe response types

Developers consuming a web API are most concerned with what's returned—specifically response types and error codes (if not standard). The response types and error codes are denoted in the XML comments and data annotations.

The Create action returns an HTTP 201 status code on success. An HTTP 400 status code is returned when the posted request body is null. Without proper documentation in the Swagger UI, the consumer lacks knowledge of these expected outcomes. Fix that problem by adding the highlighted lines in the following example:

The Swagger UI now clearly documents the expected HTTP response codes:

In ASP.NET Core 2.2 or later, conventions can be used as an alternative to explicitly decorating individual actions with [ProducesResponseType]. For more information, see Use web API conventions.

Customize the UI

The stock UI is both functional and presentable. However, API documentation pages should represent your brand or theme. Branding the Swashbuckle components requires adding the resources to serve static files and building the folder structure to host those files.

If targeting .NET Framework or .NET Core 1.x, add the Microsoft.AspNetCore.StaticFiles NuGet package to the project:

The preceding NuGet package is already installed if targeting .NET Core 2.x and using the metapackage.

Enable Static File Middleware:

Acquire the contents of the dist folder from the Swagger UI GitHub repository. This folder contains the necessary assets for the Swagger UI page.

Create a wwwroot/swagger/ui folder, and copy into it the contents of the dist folder.

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Create a custom.css file, in wwwroot/swagger/ui, with the following CSS to customize the page header:

Reference custom.css in the index.html file inside ui folder, after any other CSS files:

Browse to the index.html page at http://localhost:<port>/swagger/ui/index.html. Enter https://localhost:<port>/swagger/v1/swagger.json in the header's textbox, and click the Explore button. The resulting page looks as follows:

There's much more you can do with the page. See the full capabilities for the UI resources at the Swagger UI GitHub repository.

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The Visual Studio editor provides many features that make it easier for you to write and manage your code and text. You can expand and collapse different blocks of code by using outlining. You can learn more about the code by using IntelliSense, the Object Browser, and the Call Hierarchy. You can find code by using features such as Go To, Go To Definition, and Find All References. You can insert blocks of code with code snippets, and you can generate code by using features such as Generate From Usage. If you have never used the Visual Studio editor before, see Edit your code for a quick overview.

Note

This topic applies to Visual Studio on Windows. For Visual Studio for Mac, see Source editor (Visual Studio for Mac).

You can view your code in a number of different ways. By default, Solution Explorer shows your code organized by files. You can click on the Class View tab at the bottom of the window to view your code organized by classes.

You can search and replace text in single or multiple files. For more information, see Find and replace text. You can use regular expressions to find and replace text. For more information, see Use regular expressions in Visual Studio.

The different Visual Studio languages offer different sets of features, and in some cases the features behave differently in different languages. Many of these differences are specified in the descriptions of the features, but for more information you can see the sections on specific Visual Studio languages.

Editor features

Syntax Coloring	Some syntax elements of code and markup files are colored differently to distinguish them. For example, keywords (such as using in C# and Imports in Visual Basic) are one color, but types (such as Console and Uri) are another color. Other syntax elements are also colorized, such as string literals and comments. C++ uses color to differentiate among types, enumerations, and macros, among other tokens. You can see the default color for each type, and you can change the color for any specific syntax element in the Fonts and Colors, Environment, Options dialog box, which you can open from the Tools menu.
Error and Warning Marks	As you add code and build your solution, you may see (a) different-colored wavy underlines (known as squiggles) or (b) light bulbs appearing in your code. Red squiggles denote syntax errors, blue denotes compiler errors, green denotes warnings, and purple denotes other types of errors. Quick Actions suggest fixes for problems and make it easy to apply the fix. You can see the default color for each error and warning squiggle in the Tools > Options > Environment > Fonts and Colors dialog box. Look for Syntax Error, Compiler Error, Warning, and Other Error.
Brace Matching	When the insertion point is placed on an open brace in a code file, both it and the closing brace are highlighted. This feature gives you immediate feedback on misplaced or missing braces. You can turn brace matching on or off with the Automatic Delimiter Highlighting setting (Tools > Options > Text Editor). You can change the highlight color in the Fonts and Colors setting (Tools > Options > Environment). Look for Brace Matching (Highlight) or Brace Matching (Rectangle).
Structure Visualizer	Dotted lines connect matching braces in code files, making it easier to see opening and closing brace pairs. This can help you find code in your codebase more quickly. You can turn these lines on or off with the Show structure guidelines in the Display section of the Tools > Options > Text Editor > General page.
Line Numbers	Line numbers can be displayed in the left margin of the code window. They are not displayed by default. You can turn this option on in the Text Editor All Languages settings (Tools > Options > Text Editor > All Languages). You can display line numbers for individual programming languages by changing the settings for those languages (Tools > Options > Text Editor > <language>). For line numbers to print, you must select Include line numbers in the Print dialog box.
Change Tracking	The color of the left margin allows you to keep track of the changes you have made in a file. Changes you have made since the file was opened but not saved are denoted by a yellow bar on the left margin (known as the selection margin). After you have saved the changes (but before closing the file), the bar turns green. If you undo a change after you have saved the file, the bar turns orange. To turn this feature off and on, change the Track changes option in the Text Editor settings (Tools > Options > Text Editor).
Selecting Code and Text	You can select text either in the standard continuous stream mode or in box mode, in which you select a rectangular portion of text instead of a set of lines. To make a selection in box mode, press Alt as you drag the mouse over the selection (or press Alt+Shift+<arrow key>). The selection includes all of the characters within the rectangle defined by the first character and the last character in the selection. Anything typed or pasted into the selected area is inserted at the same point on each line.
Zoom	You can zoom in or out in any code window by pressing and holding the Ctrl key and moving the scroll wheel on the mouse (or Ctrl+Shift+. to increase and Ctrl+Shift+, to decrease). You can also use the Zoom box in the lower left corner of the code window to set a specific zoom percentage. The zoom feature does not work in tool windows.
Virtual Space	By default, lines in Visual Studio editors end after the last character, so that the Right Arrow key at the end of a line moves the cursor to the beginning of the next line. In some other editors a line does not end after the last character, and you can place your cursor anywhere on the line. You can enable virtual space in the editor in the Tools > Options > Text Editor > All Languages settings. Note that you can enable either Virtual Space or Word Wrap, but not both.
Printing	You can use the options in the Print dialog box to include line numbers or hide collapsed regions of code when you print a file. In the Page Setup dialog box, you can also choose to print the full path and the name of the file by choosing Page header. You can set color printing options in the Tools > Options > Environment > Fonts and Colors dialog box. Choose Printer in the Show settings for list to customize color printing. You can specify different colors for printing a file than for editing a file.
Global Undo and Redo	The Undo Last Global Action and Redo Last Global Action commands on the Edit menu undo or redo global actions that affect multiple files. Global actions include renaming a class or namespace, performing a find-and-replace operation across a solution, refactoring a database, or any other action that changes multiple files. You can apply the global undo and redo commands to actions in the current Visual Studio session, even after you close the solution in which an action was applied.

Advanced editing features

You can find a number of advanced features on the Edit > Advanced menu on the toolbar. Not all of these features are available for all types of code files.

Format Document	Sets the proper indentation of lines of code and moves curly braces to separate lines in the document.
Format Selection	Sets the proper indentation of lines of code and moves curly braces to separate lines in the selection.
Tabify Selected Lines	Changes leading spaces to tabs where appropriate.
Untabify Selected Lines	Changes leading tabs to spaces. If you want to convert all the spaces in your file to tabs (or all the tabs to spaces), you can use the Edit.ConvertSpacesToTabs and Edit.ConvertTabsToSpaces commands. These commands do not appear in Visual Studio menus, but you can call them from the Quick Access window or the command window.
Make Uppercase	Changes all characters in the selection to uppercase, or if there is no selection, changes the character at the insertion point to uppercase. Shortcut: Ctrl+Shift+U.
Make Lowercase	Changes all characters in the selection to lowercase, or if there is no selection, changes the character at the insertion point to lowercase. Shortcut: Ctrl+U.
Move selected Lines Up	Moves the selected line up one line. Shortcut: Alt+Up Arrow.
Move Selected Lines Down	Moves the selected line down one line. Shortcut: Alt+Down Arrow.
Delete Horizontal White Space	Deletes tabs or spaces at the end of the current line. Shortcut: Ctrl+K, Ctrl+
View White Space	Displays spaces as raised dots, and tabs as arrows. The end of a file is displayed as a rectangular glyph. If Tools > Options > Text Editor > All Languages > Word Wrap > Show visible glyphs for word wrap is selected, that glyph is also displayed.
Word Wrap	Causes all the lines in a document to be visible in the code window. You can turn word wrap off and on in the Text Editor All Languages settings (Tools > Options > Text Editor > All Languages).
Comment Selection	Adds comment characters to the selection or the current line. Shortcut: Ctrl+K, Ctrl+C
Uncomment Selection	Removes comment characters from the selection or the current line. Shortcut: Ctrl+K, Ctrl+U
Increase Line Indent	Adds a tab (or the equivalent spaces) to the selected lines or the current line.
Decrease Line Indent	Removes a tab (or the equivalent spaces) from the selected lines or the current line.
Select Tag	In a document that contains tags (for example, XML or HTML), selects the tag.
Select Tag Content	In a document that contains tags (for example, XML or HTML), selects the content.

Navigate and find code

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You can move around in the code editor in several different ways, including navigating backwards and forwards to previous insertion points, viewing the definition of a type or member, and jumping to a specific method using the navigation bar. For more information see Navigate code.

Find references in your code base

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To find where particular code elements are referenced throughout your codebase, you can use the Find All References command or press Shift+F12. Also, when you click on a type or member, the reference highlighting feature automatically highlights all references to that type or member. For more information, see Find references in your code.

Customize the editor

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You can share your Visual Studio settings with another developer, have your settings conform to a standard, or return to Visual Studio default settings by using the Import and Export Settings Wizard command on the Tools menu. In the Import and Export Settings Wizard, you can change selected general settings or language and project-specific settings.

To define new hotkeys or redefine existing hotkeys, go to Tools > Options > Environment > Keyboard. For more information about hotkeys, see Default keyboard shortcuts.

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For JavaScript-specific editor options, see JavaScript editor options.

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See also